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Supplier: Biotium

Description: The epitope of this MAb is located between aa343-357 (ELAI kDaNAKLSELE). Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) belongs to the type II (or B or basic) subfamily of high molecular weight cytokeratins and exists in combination with cytokeratin 18 (CK18). CK8 is primarily found in the non-squamous epithelia and is present in majority of adenocarcinomas and ductal carcinomas. It is absent in squamous cell carcinomas. Hepatocellular carcinomas are defined by the use of antibodies that recognize only cytokeratin 8 and 18. CK8 exists on several types of normal and neoplastic epithelia, including many ductal and glandular epithelia such as colon, stomach, small intestine, trachea, and esophagus as well as in transitional epithelium. Anti-CK8 does not react with skeletal muscle or nerve cells. Epithelioid sarcoma, chordoma, and adamantinoma show strong positivity corresponding to that of simple epithelia (with antibodies against CK8, CK18 and CK19). Reportedly, anti-CK8 is useful for the differentiation of lobular (ring-like, perinuclear) from ductal (peripheral-predominant) carcinoma of the breast.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: The epitope of this MAb is located between aa343-357 (ELAI kDaNAKLSELE). Cytokeratin 8 (CK8) belongs to the type II (or B or basic) subfamily of high molecular weight cytokeratins and exists in combination with cytokeratin 18 (CK18). CK8 is primarily found in the non-squamous epithelia and is present in majority of adenocarcinomas and ductal carcinomas. It is absent in squamous cell carcinomas. Hepatocellular carcinomas are defined by the use of antibodies that recognize only cytokeratin 8 and 18. CK8 exists on several types of normal and neoplastic epithelia, including many ductal and glandular epithelia such as colon, stomach, small intestine, trachea, and esophagus as well as in transitional epithelium. Anti-CK8 does not react with skeletal muscle or nerve cells. Epithelioid sarcoma, chordoma, and adamantinoma show strong positivity corresponding to that of simple epithelia (with antibodies against CK8, CK18 and CK19). Reportedly, anti-CK8 is useful for the differentiation of lobular (ring-like, perinuclear) from ductal (peripheral-predominant) carcinoma of the breast.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This antibody recognizes an intermediate filament protein (IFP) of 55 kDa, which is identified as cytokeratin 7. This MAb is highly specific to cytokeratin 7 and shows no cross-reaction with other IFPs. Cytokeratin 7 is a basic cytokeratin, which is found in most glandular and transitional epithelia but not in the stratified squamous epithelia. Keratin 7 is expressed in the epithelial cells of ovary, lung, and breast but not of colon, prostate, or gastrointestinal tract. This MAb is highly useful in distinguishing ovarian carcinomas (keratin 7 ) from colon carcinomas (keratin 7-).

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This MAb reacts with a wide variety of simple epithelia. It does not react with stratified squamous epithelia. It reacts with epithelial tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, lung, breast, pancreas, ovary, and thyroid. Cytokeratin 18, which belongs to the type A (acidic) subfamily of low molecular weight keratins, exists in combination with cytokeratin 8. It is reported that tissues from gastrointestinal tract are positive for both cytokeratin 8 and 18 but do not contain cytokeratin 14. Tissues from gastrointestinal tract, respiratory tract and urogenital tract, as well as endocrine and exocrine tissues and mesothelial cells are positive for cytokeratin 18.

Catalog Number: (BNUM1218-50)

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This MAb recognizes a protein of ~17 kDa, identified as CELA3B (Chymotrypsin like elastase family member 3B). Elastases form a subfamily of serine proteases that hydrolyze many proteins in addition to elastin. Humans have six elastase genes which encode the structurally similar proteins elastase 1, 2, 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B. Unlike other elastases, elastase 3B has little elastolytic activity. Like most of the human elastases, elastase 3B is secreted from the pancreas as a zymogen and, like other serine proteases such as trypsin, chymotrypsin and kallikrein; it has a digestive function in the intestine. Elastase 3B preferentially cleaves proteins after alanine residues. Elastase 3B may also function in the intestinal transport and metabolism of cholesterol. Both elastase 3A and elastase 3B have been referred to as protease E and as elastase 1, and excretion of this protein in fecal material is frequently used as a measure of pancreatic function in clinical assays.

UOM: 1 * 50 µl

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Supplier: Biotium

Description: Podocalyxin is a member of the CD34 transmembrane sialomucin family. It is over-expressed on the podocyte foot projections and plays essential roles in kidney development and homeostasis, blood filtration and urine formation. It is also expressed on vascular endothelia, hematopoietic progenitors and a subset of neurons. Overexpression of podocalyxin may be linked to more aggressive tumor behavior. Podocalyxin antibody can identify podocytes in the urine (podocyturia) that may indicate glomerular disease, pre-eclampsia, and other kidney pathology.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a 60 kDa protein, identified as the heat shock protein 60 (hsp60). A wide variety of environmental and pathophysiological stressful conditions trigger the synthesis of a family of proteins known as heat shock proteins (hsp), more appropriately called as stress response proteins (srp). Hsp60 is a potential antigen in a number of autoimmune diseases. In human arthritis and in experimentally induced arthritis in animals, disease development coincides with the development of immune reactivity directed against not only bacterial hsp60, but also against its mammalian homolog. Clone GROEL730 reacts only with human and is useful in distinguishing human hsp60 from other mammalian and bacterial hsp60.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This antibody recognizes a 24-27 kDa estrogen-regulated protein, identified as heat shock protein 27 (hsp27). Hsp27 was recently found to be identical to the estrogen-induced p29 and 24K protein. About 50% of breast carcinomas are positive for hsp27 especially those that are also positive for estrogen and/or progesterone receptor. HSP27 has also been implicated in drug resistance in cancer cells.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a protein of 75 kDa, identified as γ heavy chain of human immunoglobulins. It does not cross-react with α (IgA), μ (IgM), ε (IgE), or δ (IgD), heavy chains, T-cells, monocytes, granulocytes, or erythrocytes. This MAb is useful in the identification of leukemias, plasmacytomas, and certain non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The most common feature of these malignancies is the restricted expression of a single heavy chain class. Demonstration of clonality in lymphoid infiltrates indicates that the infiltrate is clonal and therefore malignant.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This MAb recognizes a protein of 170 kDa, identified as EGFR. EGFR is type I receptor tyrosine kinase with sequence homology to erbB-1, -2, -3 -4 or HER-1, -2, -3 -4. It binds to Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF), Transforming Growth Factor-a (TGF-a), Heparin-binding EGF (HB-EGF), amphiregulin, βcellulin and epiregulin. EGFR is overexpressed in tumors of breast, brain, bladder, lung, gastric, head & neck, esophagus, cervix, vulva, ovary, and endometrium. It is predominantly present in squamous cell carcinomas.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a 67 kDa transmembrane protein, which is identified as CD5. The CD5 antigen is found on 95% of thymocytes and 72% of peripheral blood lymphocytes. In lymph nodes, the main reactivity is observed in T cell areas. Anti-CD5 is a pan T-cell marker that also reacts with a range of neoplastic B-cells, e.g. chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), mantle cell lymphoma, and a subset (~10%) of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. CD5 aberrant expression is useful in making a diagnosis of mature T-cell neoplasms. Anti-CD5 detection is diagnostic in CLL/SLL within a panel of other B-cell markers, especially one that includes anti-CD23. Anti-CD5 is also very useful in differentiating among mature small lymphoid cell malignancies. In addition, anti-CD5 can be used in distinguishing thymic carcinoma ( ) from thymoma (-). Anti-CD5 does not react with granulocytes or monocytes.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: Recognizes a protein of ~55 kDa, identified as SOX10. This MAb is highly specific and does not cross-react with other members of the SOX-family. SOX genes comprise a family of genes that are related to the mammalian sex-determining gene SRY. These genes similarly contain sequences that encode for the HMG-box domain, which is responsible for the sequence-specific DNA-binding activity. SOX-10 is a sensitive marker of melanoma, including conventional, spindled, and desmoplastic subtypes. It is expressed by metastatic melanomas and nodal capsular nevus in sentinel lymph nodes, but not by other lymph node components such as dendritic cells, which usually express S100 protein. Commonly used melanoma markers, such as anti-HMB-45 and anti-Melan-A, are poorly expressed in desmoplastic melanomas while SOX-10 is moderately to strongly expressed in desmoplastic melanomas. SOX-10 is considered as a very reliable marker for recognizing residual desmoplastic melanomas. In normal tissues, it is expressed in Schwann cells, melanocytes, and myoepithelial cells of salivary, bronchial and mammary glands. SOX-10 expression is also observed in mast cells.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: In Western blotting, this antibody recognizes proteins in MW range of 265-400 kDa, identified as different glycoforms of EMA. The α subunit has cell adhesive properties. It can act both as an adhesion and an anti-adhesion protein. EMA may provide a protective layer on epithelial cells against bacterial and enzyme attack. The β subunit contains a C-terminal domain, which is involved in cell signaling, through phosphorylations and protein-protein interactions. In immunohistochemical assays, it superbly stains routine formalin/paraffin carcinoma tissues. Antibody to EMA is useful as a pan-epithelial marker for detecting early metastatic loci of carcinoma in bone marrow or liver.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: In Western blotting, this antibody recognizes proteins in MW range of 265-400 kDa, identified as different glycoforms of EMA. The α subunit has cell adhesive properties. It can act both as an adhesion and an anti-adhesion protein. EMA may provide a protective layer on epithelial cells against bacterial and enzyme attack. The β subunit contains a C-terminal domain, which is involved in cell signaling, through phosphorylations and protein-protein interactions. In immunohistochemical assays, it superbly stains routine formalin/paraffin carcinoma tissues. Antibody to EMA is useful as a pan-epithelial marker for detecting early metastatic loci of carcinoma in bone marrow or liver.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: In Western blotting, this antibody recognizes proteins in MW range of 265-400 kDa, identified as different glycoforms of EMA. The α subunit has cell adhesive properties. It can act both as an adhesion and an anti-adhesion protein. EMA may provide a protective layer on epithelial cells against bacterial and enzyme attack. The β subunit contains a C-terminal domain, which is involved in cell signaling, through phosphorylations and protein-protein interactions. In immunohistochemical assays, it superbly stains routine formalin/paraffin carcinoma tissues. Antibody to EMA is useful as a pan-epithelial marker for detecting early metastatic loci of carcinoma in bone marrow or liver.

Supplier: Biotium

Description: This antibody recognizes an antigen associated with the nuclear membrane in human cells. It can be used to stain the nuclear membrane in cell or tissue preparations and can be used as a marker of the nuclear membrane in subcellular fractions. It produces a ring pattern around the nucleus of cells of normal and malignant cells and may be used to stain the nuclear membrane of cells in fixed or frozen tissue sections. It can be used with paraformaldehyde fixed frozen tissue or cell preparations and formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections.,The nuclear envelope (also known as the perinuclear envelope, nuclear membrane, nucleolemma or karyotheca) is the double membrane of the nucleus that encloses genetic material in eukaryotic cells. It separates the contents of the nucleus (DNA in particular) from the cytosol (cytoplasm). Numerous nuclear pores are present on the nuclear envelope to facilitate and regulate the exchange of materials (for example, proteins and RNA) between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The space between the two membranes that make up the nuclear envelope is called the perinuclear space (also called the perinuclear cisterna), and is usually about 20 - 40 nm wide. Each of the two membranes is composed of a lipid bilayer. The outer membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. The inner membrane is erected upon the nuclear lamina, a network of intermediate filaments made of lamin, that plays a role in mitosis and meiosis. The type of lamins present are A, B1, B2, and C. The nuclear envelope may also play a role in the disposition of chromatin inside the nucleus. The lamina acts as a site of attachment for chromosomes. It also acts like a shield for the nucleus. During prophase in mitosis, the chromatids begin condensing to form chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope begins to disintegrate. During metaphase, the nuclear envelope is completely disintegrated, and the chromosomes can be pulled apart as chromatids by the spindle fibers.